This translation is from the New Jerusalem Bible. Other translations are available here. Information about the original Hebrew meaning of what seem to be the key words is provided immediately below the scriptural text.
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The proverbs of Solomon son of David, king of Israel:
2For learning what wisdom and discipline are,
For understanding words of deep meaning,
3For acquiring a disciplined insight, uprightness, justice and fair dealing;
4For teaching sound judgement to the simple, and knowledge and reflection to the young;
5Let the wise listen and learn yet more, and a person of discernment will acquire the art of guidance.
6For perceiving the meaning of proverbs and obscure sayings, the sayings of the sages and their riddles.
7 The fear of Yahweh is the beginning of knowledge; fools spurn wisdom and discipline.
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proverbs = מָשָׁל = māšāl Blue Letter Bible proverbial saying, aphorism; byword; similitude, parable; sentences of ethical wisdom, ethical maxims; superiority in mental action; pithy maxim, usually of metaphorical nature
son = בֵּן = bēn Blue Letter Bible son, grandson, child, member of a group; male child; young men; children (pl. - male and female); foster son; disciple; one related to a time, place, emotion, condition, status; term of kindliness or endearment; expression of intimate and gracious relation
learning =יָדַע= yāḏaʿ Blue Letter Bible to perceive and see, find out and discern; to discriminate, distinguish; to know by experience; to recognize; be acquainted with; to know (a person carnally); to know how, be skillful in; to have knowledge, be wise; to be made known, be or become known, be revealed; to be instructed; privy to; seeing; observe with the eyes; be aware of; to get to know, discover; to turn the mind to anything, to care about, to see about; recognize, admit, acknowledge, confess; discover
wisdom = חָכְמָה = ḥāḵmâ Blue Letter Bible a divine attribute or energy; cleverness; shrewdness; skill; prudence; cleverness; dexterity; wit; piety towards God
discipline = מוּסָר = muwcar Blue Letter Bible discipline, chastening, correction; reproof, warning or instruction; doctrine, instruction, rebuke; admonition; restraint
understanding = בִּין = bîn Blue Letter Bible to discern, understand, consider; to perceive, discern; to observe, mark, give heed to, distinguish, consider; to have discernment, insight, understanding; to be discerning, intelligent, discreet, have understanding; to show oneself discerning or attentive, consider diligently; look well to, mark
words = אֵמֶר = 'ēmer Blue Letter Bible utterance, speech, word, saying, promise; command, mandate; something said; appointed unto him; saying, speech, word
deep meaning = בִּינָה = bînâ Blue Letter Bible discernment; knowledge; insight; wisdom; intelligence; insight; skill
acquiring = לָקַח = lāqaḥ Blue Letter Bible to take, get, fetch, lay hold of, seize, receive, acquire; to take and carry along; to take from, take out of, take, carry away, take away; to take (in the widest variety of applications)
disciplined insight—see “discipline” above
uprightness = שָׂכַל = sakal Blue Letter Bible circumspect; have insight; to give attention to, consider, ponder; to have insight, have comprehension; to cause to consider, give insight, teach; to act circumspectly, act prudently, act wisely; to prosper, have success; wisdom; understanding; cause to consider, give insight, teach; attend to, turn the mind to;
justice = צֶדֶק = ṣeḏeq Blue Letter Bible rightness, righteousness; justness; justness (of weights and measures); righteousness (in government); rectitude; what ought to be
fair dealing = מֵישָׁר = mêšār Blue Letter Bible evenness, uprightness, equity; level, smoothness, straightness; prosperity or concord; aright; sweetly; sincerity, probity; peace, friendship
teaching = נָתַן = nāṯan Blue Letter Bible to give, bestow, grant; consecrate, devote, dedicate; entrust, give over, deliver up; yield, produce; be (healed); pour; print; teach; to apply the heart to; to constitute, to make a thing like or similar to; cause to receive
sound judgement = עָרְמָה = ʿārmâ Blue Letter Bible shrewdness, craftiness, prudence; discretion; guile; subtilty; wiliness; wisdom; craftiness
simple = פְּתִי = pᵊṯî Blue Letter Bible simplicity, naivete; simple, foolish, open-minded; unskillful
knowledge = דַּעַת = daʿaṯ Blue Letter Bible knowledge, perception, skill; discernment, understanding, wisdom; cunning; knowing; intelligence
reflection = מְזִמָּה = mᵊzimmâ Blue Letter Bible purpose, discretion, device, plot; sagacity; thought; counsel; power of devising
young = נַעַר = naʿar Blue Letter Bible a boy, lad, servant, youth, retainer
the wise = חָכָם = ḥāḵām Blue Letter Bible wise, wise (man); skillful (in technical work); wise (in administration); shrewd, crafty, cunning, wily, subtle; learned, shrewd (class of men); prudent;
wise (ethically and religiously); endued with the ability to judge; prudent toward rulers; blessing to others
listen = שָׁמַע = šāmaʿ Blue Letter Bible listen to, obey; perceive by ear; to hear with attention or interest, listen to; give heed; consent, agree; yield to; obey, be obedient; hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.); hear and answer
learn = לֶקַח = leqaḥ Blue Letter Bible learning, teaching, insight; instruction (obj);teaching (thing taught); teaching-power; persuasiveness; something received, i.e. (mentally) instruction (whether on the part of the teacher or hearer); doctrine, learning, fair speech
more = יָסַף = yāsap̄ Blue Letter Bible to add, increase, do again; augment; get more; be stronger; give more plentifully; do more; join
discernment—see “understanding” above
acquire = קָנָה = qānâ Blue Letter Bible to get, acquire, create, buy, possess; procure, especially by purchase (causatively, sell); by implication to own
guidance = תַּחְבֻּלוֹת = taḥbulôṯ Blue Letter Bible direction, counsel, guidance, good advice, (wise) counsel; steerage (as a management of ropes); art of governing; prudent counsel
perceiving—see “understanding” above
the wise—see above
fear = יִרְאָה = yir'â Blue Letter Bible respect, reverence, piety; revered; holy fear; awesome or terrifying thing; fear, terror
beginning = רֵאשִׁית = rē'šîṯ Blue Letter Bible first, beginning, best, chief; choicest; he first in place, time, order or rank (specifically, a firstfruit); chief(-est); principal thing; first of its kind
knowledge—see above
wisdom—see above
discipline—see above
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